以下是我們今天的目標

• 傳送接收Standard/Extended/Remote request Frame
• 了解CAN bus ID/DLC/DATA的關聯

設備:
安信可原廠/副廠NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
醬是創客CAN bus模組 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物

CAN bus發送端接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO5)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(CS)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO18)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SCK)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO19)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SO)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO23)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SI)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客CAN bus模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客CAN bus模組(GND)
發送端醬是創客CAN bus模組(H)-CAN訊號–接收端醬是創客CAN bus模組(H)
發送端醬是創客CAN bus模組(L)-CAN訊號–接收端醬是創客CAN bus模組(L)

CAN bus接收端接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO5)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(CS)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO18)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SCK)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO19)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SO)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO21)–DI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(INT)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO23)–SPI訊號–醬是創客CAN bus模組(SI)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客CAN bus模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客CAN bus模組(GND)
發送端醬是創客CAN bus模組(H)-CAN訊號–接收端醬是創客CAN bus模組(H)
發送端醬是創客CAN bus模組(L)-CAN訊號–接收端醬是創客CAN bus模組(L)

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

醬是創客CAN bus模組相關資料
CAN bus的速率是依靠晶片與振盪器而定，以MCP2515這顆晶片來說它理論可以達到1Mbps，這個前提是配合16MHz或20MHz振盪器，如果需要跑到1Mbps需求者，需自行將振盪器元件轉焊換成16MHz或20MHz，一般來說這個模組使用8MHz振盪器，速度會選用125Kbps，以我們做過的專案來說125Kbps其實就很夠用

Arduino IDE mcp2515.h 安裝說明:
1. 下載此ZIP檔案https://github.com/autowp/arduino-mcp2515/archive/master.zip
2. 打開Arduino IDE >> 草稿碼 >> 匯入程式庫 >> 加入.ZIP程式庫，並選擇剛剛下載的ZIP檔案
3. 安裝好後，關閉Arduino IDE，並再重新啟動Arduino IDE

Arduino CAN bus發送端範例程式碼如下，請注意程式碼中的 & 需自行轉換成&符號

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include "WiFi.h"
#include <SPI.h>
#include <mcp2515.h>

struct can_frame canMsg1;
struct can_frame canMsg2;
//定義使用GPIO5當SPI的CS
MCP2515 mcp2515(5);


void setup() {
  //standard frame
  canMsg1.can_id  = 0x0F6;
  canMsg1.can_dlc = 8;
  canMsg1.data[0] = 0x8E;
  canMsg1.data[1] = 0x87;
  canMsg1.data[2] = 0x32;
  canMsg1.data[3] = 0xFA;
  canMsg1.data[4] = 0x26;
  canMsg1.data[5] = 0x8E;
  canMsg1.data[6] = 0xBE;
  canMsg1.data[7] = 0x86;

  //extended frame
  canMsg2.can_id  = 0x12345678 | CAN_EFF_FLAG;
  canMsg2.can_dlc = 8;
  canMsg2.data[0] = 0x0E;
  canMsg2.data[1] = 0x00;
  canMsg2.data[2] = 0x00;
  canMsg2.data[3] = 0x08;
  canMsg2.data[4] = 0x01;
  canMsg2.data[5] = 0x00;
  canMsg2.data[6] = 0x00;
  canMsg2.data[7] = 0xA0;
  
  
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  mcp2515.reset();
  //使用8MHz振盪器並搭配125Kbps速度
  mcp2515.setBitrate(CAN_125KBPS, MCP_8MHZ);
  //使用CAN bus NormalMode
  mcp2515.setNormalMode();
  
  Serial.println("Chosemaker: Write to CAN");
}

void loop() {
  //送出standard frame
  mcp2515.sendMessage(&amp;canMsg1);
  delay(1000);
  //送出extended frame
  mcp2515.sendMessage(MCP2515::TXB1,&amp;canMsg2);  
  delay(1000);
}

Arduino CAN bus接收端範例程式碼如下，請注意程式碼中的 & 需自行轉換成&符號

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include "WiFi.h"
#include <SPI.h>
#include <mcp2515.h>

struct can_frame canMsg;
//定義CAN_INT使用GPIO21
#define CAN_INT 21
//定義使用GPIO5當SPI的CS
MCP2515 mcp2515(5);
char msgString[128]; 


void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  mcp2515.reset();
  //使用8MHz振盪器並搭配125Kbps速度
  mcp2515.setBitrate(CAN_125KBPS, MCP_8MHZ);
  //使用CAN bus NormalMode
  mcp2515.setNormalMode();
  //CAN_INT為INPUT模式
  pinMode(CAN_INT, INPUT);
  Serial.println("------- CAN Read ----------");
  Serial.println("ID  DLC   DATA");
}

void loop() {
  //CAN_INT低電位時開始收資料
  if(!digitalRead(CAN_INT))                         
  {
    //讀取CAN Frame資料
    mcp2515.readMessage(&amp;canMsg);      
    //判斷ID是standard (11 bits) frame還是extended (29 bits)frame
    if((canMsg.can_id &amp; 0x80000000) == 0x80000000)     
      sprintf(msgString, "Extended ID: 0x%.8lX  DLC: %1d  Data:", (canMsg.can_id &amp; 0x1FFFFFFF), canMsg.can_dlc);
    else
      sprintf(msgString, "Standard ID: 0x%.3lX       DLC: %1d  Data:", canMsg.can_id, canMsg.can_dlc);
  
    Serial.print(msgString);
    //判斷ID是否為remote request frame
    if((canMsg.can_id &amp; 0x40000000) == 0x40000000){    
      sprintf(msgString, " REMOTE REQUEST FRAME");
      Serial.print(msgString);
    } else {
      //取出frame資料
      for(byte i = 0; i<canMsg.can_dlc; i++){
        sprintf(msgString, " 0x%.2X", canMsg.data[i]);
        Serial.print(msgString);
      }
    }
        
    Serial.println();
  }


}

我們在發送端每隔一秒鐘持續發出standard frame和extended frame，在CAN bus設計中standard frame ID有11 bits，extended frame ID有29 bits，DLC代表著資料的長度，DATA的部分常用都是8組0~255

entry 0x400806ac
------- CAN Read ----------
ID  DLC   DATA
Extended ID: 0x12345678  DLC: 8  Data: 0x0E 0x00 0x00 0x08 0x01 0x00 0x00 0xA0
Standard ID: 0x0F6       DLC: 8  Data: 0x8E 0x87 0x32 0xFA 0x26 0x8E 0xBE 0x86

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#20] Arduino透過SPI介面傳送/接收CAN bus通訊協議 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 播放指定資料夾位置音樂
• 調高/調低聲音
• 暫停/播放/停止音樂

設備:
安信可原廠/副廠NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
醬是創客MP3模組 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
Micro SD卡 32GB(FAT32檔案格式)

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO17)–TTL訊號–醬是創客MP3模組(RX)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO16)–TTL訊號–醬是創客MP3模組(TX)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客MP3模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客MP3模組(GND)

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

醬是創客MP3模組相關資料

檔案位置須依指定位置擺放，XXXX請使用英文，不要使用中文或數字，最大只能用到32G的大小，僅建議使用FAT32檔案格式
EX: 第1資料夾第2首 -> /01/002XXXX.mp3
EX: 第1資料夾第3首 -> /01/003XXXX.mp3
EX: 第2資料夾第5首 -> /02/005XXXX.mp3
更多規格資訊請參考https://github.com/0xcafed00d/yx5300/blob/master/docs/Serial%20MP3%20Player%20v1.0%20Manual.pdf

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include <WiFi.h>
#define RXD2 16
#define TXD2 17
 
byte serial_8_byte_TX_payload[8];

 
void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial2.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, RXD2, TXD2);

  //重設晶片
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0c, 0x00, 0x00);

  //選擇系統讀取TF卡資料
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x09, 0x00, 0x02);

  //讀取資料夾位置/01/002XXXX.mp3檔案
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0f, 1, 2);

  //讀取資料夾位置/01/001XXXX.mp3檔案
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0f, 1, 1);

  //讀取資料夾位置/01/003XXXX.mp3檔案
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0f, 1, 3);
  
  //讀取資料夾位置/02/005XXXX.mp3檔案
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0f, 2, 5);
  
  //讀取資料夾位置/02/006XXXX.mp3檔案
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0f, 2, 6);
  
  //調低聲音一階
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x05, 0x00, 0x00);
  
  //調高聲音一階
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x04, 0x00, 0x00);
  
  //設定音量為30階(預設)
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x06, 0x00, 30);
  
  //設定音量為5階
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x06, 0x00, 5);

  //設定音量為30階
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x06, 0x00, 30);

  //暫停撥放音樂
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0E, 0x00, 0x00);
  
  //繼續撥放音樂 
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0D, 0x00, 0x00);
 
  //停止撥放音樂
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x16, 0x00, 0x00);
  
  //繼續撥放音樂(重新)
  serial2_8byte_tx(0x0D, 0x00, 0x00);    
}
 
void loop(void) {
}
 
void serial2_8byte_tx(int8_t command, int8_t data_1, int8_t data_2){
  if (command == 0x0c or command == 0x09) {
    delay(1500);
  }
  else {
    delay(500);
  }
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[0] = 0x7e; //starting byte
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[1] = 0xff; //version 
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[2] = 0x06; //the number of bytes of the command without starting byte and ending byte 
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[3] = command;
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[4] = 0x00;//0x00 = no feedback, 0x01 = feedback 
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[5] = data_1;
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[6] = data_2;
  serial_8_byte_TX_payload[7] = 0xef; //ending byte
  Serial2.write(serial_8_byte_TX_payload, 8);
  Serial.print("tx:");
  for( byte b : serial_8_byte_TX_payload )Serial.print( b, HEX );
  Serial.println(" created by chosemaker.com"); 
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下，我們播放/01/002XXXX.mp3檔案、/01/001XXXX.mp3檔案、/01/003XXXX.mp3檔案、/02/005XXXX.mp3檔案、/02/006XXXX.mp3檔案、調低聲音一階、調高聲音一階、設定音量為30階(預設)、設定音量為5階、設定音量為30階、暫停撥放音樂、繼續撥放音樂、停止撥放音樂、繼續撥放音樂(重新)

load:0x40078000,len:8896
load:0x40080400,len:5816
entry 0x400806ac
tx:7EFF6C000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF69002EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6F012EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6F011EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6F013EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6F025EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6F026EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF65000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF64000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF66001EEF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF66005EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF66001EEF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6E000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6D000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF616000EF created by chosemaker.com
tx:7EFF6D000EF created by chosemaker.com

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#19] Arduino播放Micro SD MP3/WAV音樂語音檔案 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 使用ESP32的SPI介面
• 計算SD卡大小
• 列出檔案列表
• 新增/移除資料夾
• 將 Hello World! 寫入檔案並讀取
• 讀取/刪除/重新命名檔案
• 測試檔案是否存在
• 計算該槽總空間/使用空間

設備:
安信可原廠/副廠NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
醬是創客Micro SD卡模組 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
Micro SD卡 32GB(FAT32檔案格式)

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO5)–SPI訊號–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(CS)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO18)–SPI訊號–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(SCK)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO19)–SPI訊號–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(MISO)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO23)–SPI訊號–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(MOSI)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客Micro SD卡模組(GND)

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

Micro SD卡模組專業知識與教學

Arduino現階段因記憶體設計方式，最大只能用到32G的大小，僅建議使用FAT32檔案格式，SPI的方式是讀取寫入Micro SD最好的方式

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include "FS.h"
#include "SD.h"
#include "SPI.h"
#include "WiFi.h"

void setup(){
    Serial.begin(115200);

    //初始化SD卡
    if(!SD.begin()){
        Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
        return;
    }
    uint8_t cardType = SD.cardType();

    if(cardType == CARD_NONE){
        Serial.println("No SD card attached");
        return;
    }
    //找出SD卡類型
    Serial.print("SD Card Type: ");
    if(cardType == CARD_MMC){
        Serial.println("MMC");
    } else if(cardType == CARD_SD){
        Serial.println("SDSC");
    } else if(cardType == CARD_SDHC){
        Serial.println("SDHC");
    } else {
        Serial.println("UNKNOWN");
    }
    //計算SD卡大小
    uint64_t cardSize = SD.cardSize() / (1024 * 1024);
    Serial.printf("SD Card Size: %lluMB\n", cardSize);

    //列出第1層內的檔案列表
    listDir(SD, "/", 0);

    //建立一個資料夾mydir
    createDir(SD, "/mydir");

    //列出第1層內的檔案列表
    listDir(SD, "/", 0);

    //移除資料夾mydir
    removeDir(SD, "/mydir");

    //列出第3層內的檔案列表
    listDir(SD, "/", 2);

    //把 Hello 寫入hello.txt
    writeFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "Hello ");

    //把 World! 寫入hello.txt
    appendFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "World!\n");

    //讀取hello.txt
    readFile(SD, "/hello.txt");

    //刪除foo.txt
    deleteFile(SD, "/foo.txt");

    //重新命名hello.txt為foo.txt
    renameFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "/foo.txt");

    //讀取foo.txt
    readFile(SD, "/foo.txt");

    //測試test.txt是否存在
    testFileIO(SD, "/test.txt");

    //印出該槽總空間大小
    Serial.printf("Total space: %lluMB\n", SD.totalBytes() / (1024 * 1024));

    //印出該槽已使用空間大小
    Serial.printf("Used space: %lluMB\n", SD.usedBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
}

void loop(){

}

void listDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * dirname, uint8_t levels){
    Serial.printf("Listing directory: %s\n", dirname);

    File root = fs.open(dirname);
    if(!root){
        Serial.println("Failed to open directory");
        return;
    }
    if(!root.isDirectory()){
        Serial.println("Not a directory");
        return;
    }

    File file = root.openNextFile();
    while(file){
        if(file.isDirectory()){
            Serial.print("  DIR : ");
            Serial.println(file.name());
            if(levels){
                listDir(fs, file.name(), levels -1);
            }
        } else {
            Serial.print("  FILE: ");
            Serial.print(file.name());
            Serial.print("  SIZE: ");
            Serial.println(file.size());
        }
        file = root.openNextFile();
    }
}

void createDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Creating Dir: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.mkdir(path)){
        Serial.println("Dir created");
    } else {
        Serial.println("mkdir failed");
    }
}

void removeDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Removing Dir: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.rmdir(path)){
        Serial.println("Dir removed");
    } else {
        Serial.println("rmdir failed");
    }
}

void readFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Reading file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
        return;
    }

    Serial.print("Read from file: ");
    while(file.available()){
        Serial.write(file.read());
    }
    file.close();
}

void writeFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message){
    Serial.printf("Writing file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
        return;
    }
    if(file.print(message)){
        Serial.println("File written");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Write failed");
    }
    file.close();
}

void appendFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message){
    Serial.printf("Appending to file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path, FILE_APPEND);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for appending");
        return;
    }
    if(file.print(message)){
        Serial.println("Message appended");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Append failed");
    }
    file.close();
}

void renameFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path1, const char * path2){
    Serial.printf("Renaming file %s to %s\n", path1, path2);
    if (fs.rename(path1, path2)) {
        Serial.println("File renamed");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Rename failed");
    }
}

void deleteFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Deleting file: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.remove(path)){
        Serial.println("File deleted");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Delete failed");
    }
}

void testFileIO(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    File file = fs.open(path);
    static uint8_t buf[512];
    size_t len = 0;
    uint32_t start = millis();
    uint32_t end = start;
    if(file){
        len = file.size();
        size_t flen = len;
        start = millis();
        while(len){
            size_t toRead = len;
            if(toRead > 512){
                toRead = 512;
            }
            file.read(buf, toRead);
            len -= toRead;
        }
        end = millis() - start;
        Serial.printf("%u bytes read for %u ms\n", flen, end);
        file.close();
    } else {
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
    }


    file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
        return;
    }

    size_t i;
    start = millis();
    for(i=0; i<2048; i++){
        file.write(buf, 512);
    }
    end = millis() - start;
    Serial.printf("%u bytes written for %u ms\n", 2048 * 512, end);
    file.close();
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下，我們拿已安裝Raspberry Pi(樹莓派)Micro SD卡接到Micro SD模組，且有一個磁碟槽用FAT32檔案格式，所以SD card大小有29007MB，該槽空間只有252MB

load:0x40078000,len:8896
load:0x40080400,len:5816
entry 0x400806ac
SD Card Type: SDHC
SD Card Size: 29007MB
Listing directory: /
  DIR : /overlays
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 24246
  FILE: /COPYING.linux  SIZE: 18693
  FILE: /LICENCE.broadcom  SIZE: 1594
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero-w.dtb  SIZE: 24424
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb  SIZE: 23983
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb  SIZE: 23764
  FILE: /issue.txt  SIZE: 145
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero.dtb  SIZE: 23688
  FILE: /bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25310
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25439
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 27099
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb  SIZE: 26480
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb  SIZE: 25294
  FILE: /bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb  SIZE: 40988
  FILE: /bootcode.bin  SIZE: 52304
  FILE: /cmdline.txt  SIZE: 121
  FILE: /config.txt  SIZE: 1846
  FILE: /fixup.dat  SIZE: 6745
  FILE: /fixup4.dat  SIZE: 6200
  FILE: /fixup4cd.dat  SIZE: 3112
  FILE: /fixup4db.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup4x.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup_cd.dat  SIZE: 2656
  FILE: /fixup_db.dat  SIZE: 9817
  FILE: /fixup_x.dat  SIZE: 9819
  FILE: /kernel.img  SIZE: 5142912
  FILE: /kernel7.img  SIZE: 5424376
  FILE: /kernel7l.img  SIZE: 5757200
  FILE: /kernel8.img  SIZE: 13521408
  FILE: /start.elf  SIZE: 2883204
  FILE: /start4.elf  SIZE: 2784800
  FILE: /start4cd.elf  SIZE: 784316
  FILE: /start4db.elf  SIZE: 4593508
  FILE: /start4x.elf  SIZE: 3546468
  FILE: /start_cd.elf  SIZE: 690884
  FILE: /start_db.elf  SIZE: 4859912
  FILE: /start_x.elf  SIZE: 3797384
  DIR : /System Volume Information
Creating Dir: /mydir
Dir created
Listing directory: /
  DIR : /overlays
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 24246
  FILE: /COPYING.linux  SIZE: 18693
  FILE: /LICENCE.broadcom  SIZE: 1594
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero-w.dtb  SIZE: 24424
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb  SIZE: 23983
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb  SIZE: 23764
  FILE: /issue.txt  SIZE: 145
  DIR : /mydir
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero.dtb  SIZE: 23688
  FILE: /bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25310
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25439
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 27099
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb  SIZE: 26480
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb  SIZE: 25294
  FILE: /bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb  SIZE: 40988
  FILE: /bootcode.bin  SIZE: 52304
  FILE: /cmdline.txt  SIZE: 121
  FILE: /config.txt  SIZE: 1846
  FILE: /fixup.dat  SIZE: 6745
  FILE: /fixup4.dat  SIZE: 6200
  FILE: /fixup4cd.dat  SIZE: 3112
  FILE: /fixup4db.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup4x.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup_cd.dat  SIZE: 2656
  FILE: /fixup_db.dat  SIZE: 9817
  FILE: /fixup_x.dat  SIZE: 9819
  FILE: /kernel.img  SIZE: 5142912
  FILE: /kernel7.img  SIZE: 5424376
  FILE: /kernel7l.img  SIZE: 5757200
  FILE: /kernel8.img  SIZE: 13521408
  FILE: /start.elf  SIZE: 2883204
  FILE: /start4.elf  SIZE: 2784800
  FILE: /start4cd.elf  SIZE: 784316
  FILE: /start4db.elf  SIZE: 4593508
  FILE: /start4x.elf  SIZE: 3546468
  FILE: /start_cd.elf  SIZE: 690884
  FILE: /start_db.elf  SIZE: 4859912
  FILE: /start_x.elf  SIZE: 3797384
  DIR : /System Volume Information
Removing Dir: /mydir
Dir removed
Listing directory: /
  DIR : /overlays
Listing directory: /overlays
  FILE: /overlays/adau7002-simple.dtbo  SIZE: 1587
  FILE: /overlays/README  SIZE: 113431
  FILE: /overlays/act-led.dtbo  SIZE: 569
  FILE: /overlays/adau1977-adc.dtbo  SIZE: 1027
  FILE: /overlays/akkordion-iqdacplus.dtbo  SIZE: 1387
  FILE: /overlays/ads1015.dtbo  SIZE: 2425
  FILE: /overlays/ads1115.dtbo  SIZE: 2425
  FILE: /overlays/ads7846.dtbo  SIZE: 2402
  FILE: /overlays/adv7282m.dtbo  SIZE: 1952
  FILE: /overlays/adv728x-m.dtbo  SIZE: 2436
  FILE: /overlays/audioinjector-addons.dtbo  SIZE: 1866
  FILE: /overlays/anyspi.dtbo  SIZE: 3895
  FILE: /overlays/allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1473
  FILE: /overlays/allo-digione.dtbo  SIZE: 1208
  FILE: /overlays/allo-katana-dac-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1659
  FILE: /overlays/allo-piano-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1011
  FILE: /overlays/allo-piano-dac-plus-pcm512x-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1585
  FILE: /overlays/apds9960.dtbo  SIZE: 1338
  FILE: /overlays/applepi-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 1454
  FILE: /overlays/at86rf233.dtbo  SIZE: 1632
  FILE: /overlays/audioinjector-ultra.dtbo  SIZE: 1890
  FILE: /overlays/audioinjector-wm8731-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 787
  FILE: /overlays/audiosense-pi.dtbo  SIZE: 2187
  FILE: /overlays/audremap.dtbo  SIZE: 833
  FILE: /overlays/balena-fin.dtbo  SIZE: 2927
  FILE: /overlays/bmp085_i2c-sensor.dtbo  SIZE: 449
  FILE: /overlays/dht11.dtbo  SIZE: 1019
  FILE: /overlays/dionaudio-loco-v2.dtbo  SIZE: 1027
  FILE: /overlays/dionaudio-loco.dtbo  SIZE: 663
  FILE: /overlays/disable-bt.dtbo  SIZE: 954
  FILE: /overlays/disable-wifi.dtbo  SIZE: 387
  FILE: /overlays/dpi18.dtbo  SIZE: 951
  FILE: /overlays/dpi24.dtbo  SIZE: 975
  FILE: /overlays/draws.dtbo  SIZE: 5869
  FILE: /overlays/dwc-otg.dtbo  SIZE: 293
  FILE: /overlays/dwc2.dtbo  SIZE: 801
  FILE: /overlays/enc28j60-spi2.dtbo  SIZE: 1279
  FILE: /overlays/enc28j60.dtbo  SIZE: 1403
  FILE: /overlays/exc3000.dtbo  SIZE: 1562
  FILE: /overlays/fe-pi-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1932
  FILE: /overlays/goodix.dtbo  SIZE: 1437
  FILE: /overlays/googlevoicehat-soundcard.dtbo  SIZE: 1259
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-fan.dtbo  SIZE: 1259
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-ir-tx.dtbo  SIZE: 1096
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-ir.dtbo  SIZE: 1212
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-key.dtbo  SIZE: 1373
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-no-bank0-irq.dtbo  SIZE: 274
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-no-irq.dtbo  SIZE: 258
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-poweroff.dtbo  SIZE: 994
  FILE: /overlays/gpio-shutdown.dtbo  SIZE: 1345
  FILE: /overlays/hd44780-lcd.dtbo  SIZE: 1662
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-amp.dtbo  SIZE: 779
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 655
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dacplus.dtbo  SIZE: 1762
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadc.dtbo  SIZE: 2008
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadcpro.dtbo  SIZE: 1925
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dacplusdsp.dtbo  SIZE: 699
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-dacplushd.dtbo  SIZE: 2011
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-digi-pro.dtbo  SIZE: 1125
  FILE: /overlays/hifiberry-digi.dtbo  SIZE: 959
  FILE: /overlays/hy28a.dtbo  SIZE: 2444
  FILE: /overlays/hy28b-2017.dtbo  SIZE: 2893
  FILE: /overlays/hy28b.dtbo  SIZE: 2915
  FILE: /overlays/i-sabre-q2m.dtbo  SIZE: 893
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-bcm2708.dtbo  SIZE: 270
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-gpio.dtbo  SIZE: 1055
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-mux.dtbo  SIZE: 2185
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-pwm-pca9685a.dtbo  SIZE: 648
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-rtc-gpio.dtbo  SIZE: 5249
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-rtc.dtbo  SIZE: 4761
  FILE: /overlays/i2c-sensor.dtbo  SIZE: 5030
  FILE: /overlays/i2c0-bcm2708.dtbo  SIZE: 1674
  FILE: /overlays/i2c0.dtbo  SIZE: 1396
  FILE: /overlays/i2c1-bcm2708.dtbo  SIZE: 1283
  FILE: /overlays/i2c1.dtbo  SIZE: 1004
  FILE: /overlays/i2c3.dtbo  SIZE: 907
  FILE: /overlays/i2c4.dtbo  SIZE: 907
  FILE: /overlays/i2c5.dtbo  SIZE: 911
  FILE: /overlays/i2c6.dtbo  SIZE: 909
  FILE: /overlays/i2s-gpio28-31.dtbo  SIZE: 307
  FILE: /overlays/ilitek251x.dtbo  SIZE: 1373
  FILE: /overlays/imx219.dtbo  SIZE: 3293
  FILE: /overlays/iqaudio-codec.dtbo  SIZE: 895
  FILE: /overlays/iqaudio-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 1272
  FILE: /overlays/iqaudio-dacplus.dtbo  SIZE: 1511
  FILE: /overlays/iqaudio-digi-wm8804-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1326
  FILE: /overlays/irs1125.dtbo  SIZE: 2433
  FILE: /overlays/jedec-spi-nor.dtbo  SIZE: 5188
  FILE: /overlays/justboom-both.dtbo  SIZE: 1640
  FILE: /overlays/justboom-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 1276
  FILE: /overlays/justboom-digi.dtbo  SIZE: 955
  FILE: /overlays/ltc294x.dtbo  SIZE: 1916
  FILE: /overlays/max98357a.dtbo  SIZE: 1933
  FILE: /overlays/mbed-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 1605
  FILE: /overlays/mcp23017.dtbo  SIZE: 1674
  FILE: /overlays/mcp23s17.dtbo  SIZE: 15205
  FILE: /overlays/mcp2515-can0.dtbo  SIZE: 1797
  FILE: /overlays/mcp2515-can1.dtbo  SIZE: 1797
  FILE: /overlays/mcp3008.dtbo  SIZE: 4213
  FILE: /overlays/mcp3202.dtbo  SIZE: 4213
  FILE: /overlays/mcp342x.dtbo  SIZE: 2854
  FILE: /overlays/media-center.dtbo  SIZE: 3414
  FILE: /overlays/midi-uart0.dtbo  SIZE: 720
  FILE: /overlays/midi-uart1.dtbo  SIZE: 857
  FILE: /overlays/miniuart-bt.dtbo  SIZE: 1446
  FILE: /overlays/mmc.dtbo  SIZE: 1221
  FILE: /overlays/mpu6050.dtbo  SIZE: 796
  FILE: /overlays/mz61581.dtbo  SIZE: 2826
  FILE: /overlays/ov5647.dtbo  SIZE: 2597
  FILE: /overlays/papirus.dtbo  SIZE: 2356
  FILE: /overlays/pi3-act-led.dtbo  SIZE: 569
  FILE: /overlays/pi3-disable-bt.dtbo  SIZE: 954
  FILE: /overlays/pi3-disable-wifi.dtbo  SIZE: 387
  FILE: /overlays/pi3-miniuart-bt.dtbo  SIZE: 1446
  FILE: /overlays/pibell.dtbo  SIZE: 2334
  FILE: /overlays/piglow.dtbo  SIZE: 1594
  FILE: /overlays/piscreen.dtbo  SIZE: 2689
  FILE: /overlays/piscreen2r.dtbo  SIZE: 2593
  FILE: /overlays/pisound.dtbo  SIZE: 2454
  FILE: /overlays/pitft22.dtbo  SIZE: 1520
  FILE: /overlays/pitft28-capacitive.dtbo  SIZE: 2361
  FILE: /overlays/pitft28-resistive.dtbo  SIZE: 2746
  FILE: /overlays/pitft35-resistive.dtbo  SIZE: 2766
  FILE: /overlays/pps-gpio.dtbo  SIZE: 1145
  FILE: /overlays/pwm-2chan.dtbo  SIZE: 1096
  FILE: /overlays/pwm-ir-tx.dtbo  SIZE: 1031
  FILE: /overlays/pwm.dtbo  SIZE: 985
  FILE: /overlays/qca7000.dtbo  SIZE: 1395
  FILE: /overlays/rotary-encoder.dtbo  SIZE: 1922
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-backlight.dtbo  SIZE: 489
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-cirrus-wm5102.dtbo  SIZE: 3542
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-dac.dtbo  SIZE: 643
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-display.dtbo  SIZE: 2574
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-ft5406.dtbo  SIZE: 1018
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-poe.dtbo  SIZE: 1995
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-proto.dtbo  SIZE: 771
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-sense.dtbo  SIZE: 893
  FILE: /overlays/rpi-tv.dtbo  SIZE: 567
  FILE: /overlays/rra-digidac1-wm8741-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1298
  FILE: /overlays/sc16is750-i2c.dtbo  SIZE: 1219
  FILE: /overlays/sc16is752-i2c.dtbo  SIZE: 1356
  FILE: /overlays/sc16is752-spi1.dtbo  SIZE: 1851
  FILE: /overlays/sdhost.dtbo  SIZE: 968
  FILE: /overlays/sdio.dtbo  SIZE: 1889
  FILE: /overlays/sdtweak.dtbo  SIZE: 804
  FILE: /overlays/smi-dev.dtbo  SIZE: 404
  FILE: /overlays/smi-nand.dtbo  SIZE: 1476
  FILE: /overlays/smi.dtbo  SIZE: 981
  FILE: /overlays/spi-gpio35-39.dtbo  SIZE: 630
  FILE: /overlays/spi-gpio40-45.dtbo  SIZE: 795
  FILE: /overlays/spi-rtc.dtbo  SIZE: 635
  FILE: /overlays/spi0-cs.dtbo  SIZE: 895
  FILE: /overlays/spi0-hw-cs.dtbo  SIZE: 456
  FILE: /overlays/spi1-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1523
  FILE: /overlays/spi1-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1896
  FILE: /overlays/spi1-3cs.dtbo  SIZE: 2269
  FILE: /overlays/spi2-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1523
  FILE: /overlays/spi2-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1896
  FILE: /overlays/spi2-3cs.dtbo  SIZE: 2269
  FILE: /overlays/spi3-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1289
  FILE: /overlays/spi3-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1662
  FILE: /overlays/spi4-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1289
  FILE: /overlays/spi4-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1662
  FILE: /overlays/spi5-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1289
  FILE: /overlays/spi5-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1662
  FILE: /overlays/spi6-1cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1289
  FILE: /overlays/spi6-2cs.dtbo  SIZE: 1662
  FILE: /overlays/ssd1306.dtbo  SIZE: 1122
  FILE: /overlays/superaudioboard.dtbo  SIZE: 1968
  FILE: /overlays/sx150x.dtbo  SIZE: 35570
  FILE: /overlays/tc358743-audio.dtbo  SIZE: 1529
  FILE: /overlays/tc358743.dtbo  SIZE: 2465
  FILE: /overlays/tinylcd35.dtbo  SIZE: 4822
  FILE: /overlays/tpm-slb9670.dtbo  SIZE: 779
  FILE: /overlays/uart0.dtbo  SIZE: 928
  FILE: /overlays/uart1.dtbo  SIZE: 980
  FILE: /overlays/uart2.dtbo  SIZE: 589
  FILE: /overlays/uart3.dtbo  SIZE: 589
  FILE: /overlays/uart4.dtbo  SIZE: 589
  FILE: /overlays/uart5.dtbo  SIZE: 589
  FILE: /overlays/udrc.dtbo  SIZE: 3532
  FILE: /overlays/upstream.dtbo  SIZE: 2460
  FILE: /overlays/vc4-fkms-v3d.dtbo  SIZE: 1255
  FILE: /overlays/vc4-kms-kippah-7inch.dtbo  SIZE: 1112
  FILE: /overlays/vc4-kms-v3d.dtbo  SIZE: 2337
  FILE: /overlays/vga666.dtbo  SIZE: 758
  FILE: /overlays/w1-gpio-pullup.dtbo  SIZE: 1171
  FILE: /overlays/w1-gpio.dtbo  SIZE: 1036
  FILE: /overlays/w5500.dtbo  SIZE: 1558
  FILE: /overlays/wittypi.dtbo  SIZE: 1056
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 24246
  FILE: /COPYING.linux  SIZE: 18693
  FILE: /LICENCE.broadcom  SIZE: 1594
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero-w.dtb  SIZE: 24424
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb  SIZE: 23983
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb  SIZE: 23764
  FILE: /issue.txt  SIZE: 145
  FILE: /bcm2708-rpi-zero.dtb  SIZE: 23688
  FILE: /bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25310
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb  SIZE: 25439
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb  SIZE: 27099
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb  SIZE: 26480
  FILE: /bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb  SIZE: 25294
  FILE: /bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb  SIZE: 40988
  FILE: /bootcode.bin  SIZE: 52304
  FILE: /cmdline.txt  SIZE: 121
  FILE: /config.txt  SIZE: 1846
  FILE: /fixup.dat  SIZE: 6745
  FILE: /fixup4.dat  SIZE: 6200
  FILE: /fixup4cd.dat  SIZE: 3112
  FILE: /fixup4db.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup4x.dat  SIZE: 9192
  FILE: /fixup_cd.dat  SIZE: 2656
  FILE: /fixup_db.dat  SIZE: 9817
  FILE: /fixup_x.dat  SIZE: 9819
  FILE: /kernel.img  SIZE: 5142912
  FILE: /kernel7.img  SIZE: 5424376
  FILE: /kernel7l.img  SIZE: 5757200
  FILE: /kernel8.img  SIZE: 13521408
  FILE: /start.elf  SIZE: 2883204
  FILE: /start4.elf  SIZE: 2784800
  FILE: /start4cd.elf  SIZE: 784316
  FILE: /start4db.elf  SIZE: 4593508
  FILE: /start4x.elf  SIZE: 3546468
  FILE: /start_cd.elf  SIZE: 690884
  FILE: /start_db.elf  SIZE: 4859912
  FILE: /start_x.elf  SIZE: 3797384
  DIR : /System Volume Information
Listing directory: /System Volume Information
  FILE: /System Volume Information/WPSettings.dat  SIZE: 12
  FILE: /System Volume Information/IndexerVolumeGuid  SIZE: 76
Writing file: /hello.txt
File written
Appending to file: /hello.txt
Message appended
Reading file: /hello.txt
Read from file: Hello World!
Deleting file: /foo.txt
Delete failed
Renaming file /hello.txt to /foo.txt
File renamed
Reading file: /foo.txt
Read from file: Hello World!
Failed to open file for reading
1048576 bytes written for 4301 ms
Total space: 252MB
Used space: 52MB

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#18] Arduino透過SPI讀取/刪除/寫入/新增 Micro SD卡檔案 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 使用pulseIn()讀取脈衝訊號，並計算
• 多工處理模組訊號

設備:
安信可原廠/副廠NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
醬是創客超聲波模組 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO16)–脈衝訊號–醬是創客超聲波模組(Trig訊號)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO17)–脈衝訊號–醬是創客超聲波模組(Echo訊號)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客超聲波模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客超聲波模組(GND)

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

超聲波專業知識與教學

當超聲波發送器送出時，如遇到物體，聲波經過物體的反射並使自身的接收器收到聲波
收到的聲波會以脈衝訊號的方式傳給ESP32，聲波的優點就是可以量測距離比較遠一些

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include "WiFi.h"
 
//task
unsigned long currentMillis = 0;
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
int interval = 1000;
 
//超音波感應器PIN
int trigPIN=16;
int echoPIN=17;
//超音波感應器
int distance;
long duration;
  
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  //定義ESP32輸入輸出
  pinMode(echoPIN, INPUT);
  pinMode(trigPIN, OUTPUT);
}
  
void loop() {
   currentMillis = millis();
      
   if ((unsigned long)(currentMillis - previousMillis) >= interval) {
      digitalWrite(trigPIN, LOW);
      delayMicroseconds(2);
      digitalWrite(trigPIN, HIGH);
      delayMicroseconds(10);
      digitalWrite(trigPIN, LOW);
      //醬是創客開始讓ESP32開始讀取脈衝訊號
      duration= pulseIn(echoPIN, HIGH);
      distance= duration/29/2;
      if (duration==0) {
        Serial.println("No pulse is from sensor");
      }
      else {
        Serial.print("Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:");
        Serial.print(distance);
        Serial.println("cm");
      }

      // previousMillis存入最後執行的時間
      previousMillis = currentMillis;
      Serial.print("In Current time:");
      Serial.println(previousMillis);
   }
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下，我們在大約第4秒時手離超聲波模組距離約172cm，慢慢地靠近超聲波模組

Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:172cm
In Current time:4000
Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:29cm
In Current time:5000
Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:9cm
In Current time:6000
Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:3cm
In Current time:7000
Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:2cm
In Current time:8000
Chosemaker's ultrasonic sensor is shown distance:1cm
In Current time:9000

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#17] Arduino多工處理使用超聲波模組量測物品距離 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• pinMode須設定為INPUT來啟動DI功能
• 多工處理DI訊號

設備:
安信可原廠/副廠NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
醬是創客紅外線避障模組 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO15)–DO訊號–醬是創客紅外線避障模組(OUT訊號)
DC 5V(+)–醬是創客紅外線避障模組(VCC)
DC 0V(-)–醬是創客紅外線避障模組(GND)

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

紅外線專業知識與教學

當紅外線發送器送出時，如遇到物體，光經過物體的反射並使自身的接收器收到光
收到光時，低電位
無收到光時，高電位

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include "WiFi.h"
 
//task
unsigned long currentMillis = 0;
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
int interval = 1000;
boolean GPIO15state = false; 
 
//IR Pin
int inPin = 15;
  
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  //IR
  pinMode(inPin, INPUT);
}
  
void loop() {
   currentMillis = millis();
      
   if ((unsigned long)(currentMillis - previousMillis) >= interval) {
      GPIO15state = digitalRead(inPin); 
      if (GPIO15state == HIGH) {
        //高電位時
        Serial.println("Chosemaker's IR is OFF");
      }
      else {
        //低電位時
        Serial.println("Chosemaker's IR is ON");
      }
      // previousMillis存入最後執行的時間
      previousMillis = currentMillis;
      Serial.print("In Current time:");
      Serial.println(previousMillis);
   }
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下，我們在大約第6秒時放一個物品至醬是創客紅外線避障模組前面，此時紅外線就偵測到有東西並產生變化

Chosemaker's IR is OFF
In Current time:5000
Chosemaker's IR is ON
In Current time:6000
Chosemaker's IR is OFF
In Current time:7000

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#16] Arduino多工處理使用避障模組透過紅外線偵測物品是否存在 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• pinMode須設定為OUTPUT來啟動DO功能
• digitalWrite(lampPin, LOW); 代表將lampPin設為低電位
• digitalWrite(lampPin, HIGH); 代表將lampPin設為高電位

設備:
安信可NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
110V LED燈

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO22)–DO訊號–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(IN訊號)
DC 5V(+)–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(DC+)
DC 0V(-)–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(DC-)
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(COM)-2.0白扁線-110V市電火線
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(NO)-2.0白扁線-110V LED電燈-110V市電水線
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(H)使用高電位觸發

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

繼電器專業知識與教學

繼電器線圈無電壓時，NC與COM導通
繼電器線圈有電壓時，NO與COM導通
COM部分都會接火線或DC的正極
NO與NC部分都會接水線或DC的負極

EX: 使用高電位觸發，當訊號線0V時不觸發: NC與COM導通，NO與COM不導通
EX: 使用高電位觸發，當訊號線高電位時觸發: NC與COM不導通，NO與COM導通

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#include <WiFi.h>

//Output Pin
const int lampPin = 22;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  //Pin22設定為DO
  pinMode(lampPin, OUTPUT);
  //預設關燈
  digitalWrite(lampPin, LOW); 
}
   
void loop()
{
  //開燈
  delay(10000);
  digitalWrite(lampPin, HIGH);  
  //關燈
  delay(10000);
  digitalWrite(lampPin, LOW);  
}

實際行為: 每10秒鐘打開/關閉LED電燈

這篇文章 [ESP32教學#15] Arduino使用DO連動控制繼電器開啟、關閉110V LED電燈 最早出現於 醬是創客。

本篇文章基於WebThings教學#1~5，請先閱讀完並設定好你的ESP32與樹莓派後再開始進入此篇，首先請先確認儀表板的圖示如下

在左邊的選單點選規則後，並點右下的+

我們先建立一個profile叫more33，設定當chosemaker Tempe and Hum的溫度大於33度時，chosemaker Lamp的繼電器會開啟電燈，藍底部分可以拖拉設備至中間，中間的左方為輸入區拉入chosemaker Tempe and Hum並設定Temp>33，中間的右方為輸出區拉入chosemaker Lamp並設定開

我們再建立一個profile叫less33，設定當chosemaker Tempe and Hum的溫度小於33度時，chosemaker Lamp的繼電器會關閉電燈，藍底部分可以拖拉設備至中間，中間的左方為輸入區拉入chosemaker Tempe and Hum並設定Temp<33，中間的右方為輸出區拉入chosemaker Lamp並設定關

這時候系統就可以做到自動化控制，以33度C為分隔，過高則開燈，過低則關燈，可以看到下方還有一個Clock的功能，它也可以拖入來設定某段時間才允許觸發條件

這篇文章 [WebThings教學#6] WebThings做出IoT物聯網平台簡易溫溼度與繼電器自動化控制系統實作 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 定義溫度與濕度感應器的Types(TemperatureSensor, HumiditySensor)
• 了解WebThingAdapter的更新方法
• ThingDevice定義該設備定義(開關、溫度、濕度……等)、描述、名稱、網址ID
• ThingProperty定義多個Sensor屬性(TemperatureProperty,HumidityProperty)
• ThingPropertyValue定義為Sensor數值

設備:
樹莓派4B #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
安信可NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
TTL485轉換板 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
TH485溫溼度板 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(3.3V或5V)—-TTL485轉換板(VCC)
NodeMCU-32S(GND)—-TTL485轉換板(GND)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO17設為TX2)–TTL訊號–TTL485轉換板(RXD)
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO16設為RX2)–TTL訊號–TTL485轉換板(TXD)
TTL485轉換板(A/D+)–線–TH485(A)
TTL485轉換板(B/D-)–線–TH485(B)
DC 12V(+)–TH485(+)
DC 0V(-)–TH485(-)

TH485溫溼度設備Modbus RTU規格:
溫度: InputRegisters,0x0001,0.1C
濕度: InputRegisters,0x0002,0.1H
Buad Rate: 9600,N,8,1
Slave ID: 1

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

Arduino 範例程式碼如下

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#define LARGE_JSON_BUFFERS 1
#define RXD2 16
#define TXD2 17
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <Thing.h>
#include <WebThingAdapter.h>
#include <ModbusMaster.h>

//SSID/PW
const char *ssid = "iot";
const char *password = "chosemaker";
// ModbusMaster object
ModbusMaster node;
uint8_t result;
uint16_t data[2];
//WebThings
WebThingAdapter *adapter;
const char *temphumTypes[] = {"TemperatureSensor", "HumiditySensor", nullptr};
ThingDevice temphum("chosemaker-temp-hum-1", "", temphumTypes);
//溫度
ThingProperty sensorTemp("temp", "", NUMBER, "TemperatureProperty");
ThingPropertyValue tempVal;
//濕度
ThingProperty sensorHumd("hum", "", NUMBER, "HumidityProperty");
ThingPropertyValue humVal;

void setup()
{
  Serial2.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, RXD2, TXD2);
  // Modbus slave ID 1 使用 Serial2
  node.begin(1, Serial2);
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);    
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.print("Connected to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  Serial.print("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  //WebThings  
  adapter = new WebThingAdapter("temp-hum", WiFi.localIP());
  temphum.title = "chosemaker Tempe and Hum";
  temphum.description = "chosemaker's Temperature and Humidity";
  //溫度
  sensorTemp.title = "Temp";
  sensorTemp.unit = "degree celsius";
  sensorTemp.readOnly = "true";
  temphum.addProperty(&amp;sensorTemp);
  //濕度 
  sensorHumd.title = "Hum";
  sensorHumd.unit = "percent";
  sensorHumd.readOnly = "true";
  temphum.addProperty(&amp;sensorHumd);
  //WebThingAdapter
  adapter->addDevice(&amp;temphum);
  adapter->begin();

  Serial.println("HTTP server started");
  Serial.print("http://");
  Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.print("/things/");
  Serial.println(temphum.id);
}
  
void loop()
{
  //WebThingAdapter
  adapter->update();

  //InputRegister 0x0001~0x0002
  result = node.readInputRegisters(0x0001, 2);   
  if (result == node.ku8MBSuccess)
  {
    //溫度InputRegister 0x0001
    data[0] = node.getResponseBuffer(0);
    tempVal.number = data[0] * 0.1;
    //濕度InputRegister 0x0002
    data[1] = node.getResponseBuffer(1);
    humVal.number = data[1] * 0.1;
  }
  //Set Value
  sensorTemp.setValue(tempVal);
  sensorHumd.setValue(humVal);

  delay(2000);
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下

..
Connected to iot
IP address: 192.168.2.179
MDNS responder started
HTTP server started
http://192.168.2.179/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1

我們打開登入樹莓派的WebThings Gateway，在儀錶板的右下角點擊”+”並於”輸入web thing網址”輸入http://192.168.2.179/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1，並儲存

此時我們也可以連入http://192.168.2.179/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1 ，可以看到這是一個JSON文件，Server於第一次取得設定檔時會連到Client抓取JSON回去對應欄位

{"id":"chosemaker-temp-hum-1","title":"chosemaker Tempe and Hum","@context":"https://iot.mozilla.org/schemas","description":"A web chosemaker Temperature and Humidity","base":"http://192.168.2.179/","securityDefinitions":{"nosec_sc":{"scheme":"nosec"}},"security":"nosec_sc","@type":["TemperatureSensor","HumiditySensor"],"links":[{"rel":"properties","href":"/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1/properties"},{"rel":"actions","href":"/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1/actions"},{"rel":"events","href":"/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1/events"},{"rel":"alternate","href":"ws://192.168.2.179/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1"}],"properties":{"hum":{"type":"number","readOnly":true,"unit":"percent","title":"Hum","@type":"HumidityProperty","links":[{"href":"/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1/properties/hum"}]},"temp":{"type":"number","readOnly":true,"unit":"degree celsius","title":"Temp","@type":"TemperatureProperty","links":[{"href":"/things/chosemaker-temp-hum-1/properties/temp"}]}}}

在儀錶板的位置即可以看到加入的chosemaker Tempe and Hum設備，可以點擊該右上角小圖式打開可以看到溫度與濕度，我們預設讓溫度顯示排在最前面

這篇文章 [WebThings教學#5] WebThings IoT物聯網平台連結ESP32 Arduino開發板抓取溫度、濕度 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 使用WebThingAdapter.h與Thing.h
• 了解WebThingAdapter的更新方法
• ThingDevice定義該設備定義(開關、溫度、濕度……等)、描述、名稱、網址ID
• ThingProperty定義多個Sensor屬性

設備:
樹莓派4B #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
安信可NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器 #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物
110V LED燈

接線方式:
NodeMCU-32S(GPIO22)–DO訊號–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(IN訊號)
DC 5V(+)–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(DC+)
DC 0V(-)–DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(DC-)
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(COM)-2.0白扁線-110V市電火線
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(NO)-2.0白扁線-110V LED電燈-110V市電水線
DC5V控制AC110V繼電器(H)使用高電位觸發

Ai-Thinker安信可NodeMCU-32S的腳位圍(資料來源:安信可)

Arduino 範例程式碼如下
請注意: WordPress的bug，它把&轉換成HTML的&amp;
因此內文中有出現&amp;請自行轉成&

//醬是創客 開發實作的好夥伴
#define LARGE_JSON_BUFFERS 1
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <Thing.h>
#include <WebThingAdapter.h>
//SSID/PW/Pin
const char *ssid = "iot";
const char *password = "chosemaker";
const int lampPin = 22;
//WebThings
WebThingAdapter *adapter;
const char *lampTypes[] = {"OnOffSwitch", nullptr};
ThingDevice lamp("chosemaker-lamp-1", "chosemaker Lamp", lampTypes);
ThingProperty lampOn("on", "Whether the lamp is turned on", BOOLEAN,"OnOffProperty");
bool lastOn = true;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  pinMode(lampPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(lampPin, HIGH);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);    
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.print("Connected to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  Serial.print("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  
  adapter = new WebThingAdapter("led-lamp", WiFi.localIP());
  lamp.description = "IoT chosemaker lamp";
  lampOn.title = "On/Off";
  lamp.addProperty(&amp;lampOn);
  adapter->addDevice(&amp;lamp);
  adapter->begin();

  Serial.println("HTTP server started");
  Serial.print("http://");
  Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.print("/things/");
  Serial.println(lamp.id);

  // set initial values
  ThingPropertyValue initialOn = {.boolean = true};
  lampOn.setValue(initialOn);
  (void)lampOn.changedValueOrNull();

}
  
void loop()
{
  adapter->update();
  bool on = lampOn.getValue().boolean;
  if (on) {
    digitalWrite(lampPin, HIGH);    
  } else {
    digitalWrite(lampPin, LOW);
  }

  if (lastOn != on) {
    lastOn = on;
  }
  delay(1000);
}

Arduino 序列埠監控視窗 輸出如下

Connected to iot
IP address: 192.168.2.188
MDNS responder started
HTTP server started
http://192.168.2.188/things/chosemaker-lamp-1

我們打開登入樹莓派的WebThings Gateway，在儀錶板的右下角點擊”+”並於”輸入web thing網址”輸入http://192.168.2.188/things/chosemaker-lamp-1，並儲存

此時我們也可以連入http://192.168.2.188/things/chosemaker-lamp-1 ，可以看到這是一個JSON文件，Server於第一次取得設定檔時會連到Client抓取JSON回去對應欄位

{"id":"chosemaker-lamp-1","title":"chosemaker Lamp","@context":"https://iot.mozilla.org/schemas","description":"IoT chosemaker lamp","base":"http://192.168.2.188/","securityDefinitions":{"nosec_sc":{"scheme":"nosec"}},"security":"nosec_sc","@type":["OnOffSwitch"],"links":[{"rel":"properties","href":"/things/chosemaker-lamp-1/properties"},{"rel":"actions","href":"/things/chosemaker-lamp-1/actions"},{"rel":"events","href":"/things/chosemaker-lamp-1/events"},{"rel":"alternate","href":"ws://192.168.2.188/things/chosemaker-lamp-1"}],"properties":{"on":{"type":"boolean","title":"On/Off","description":"Whether the lamp is turned on","@type":"OnOffProperty","links":[{"href":"/things/chosemaker-lamp-1/properties/on"}]}}}

在儀錶板的位置即可以看到加入的chosemaker Lamp設備，可以點擊該圖式打開和關閉電燈開關

這篇文章 [WebThings教學#4] WebThings IoT物聯網平台與ESP32 Arduino連動控制繼電器開啟、關閉電燈 最早出現於 醬是創客。

以下是我們今天的目標

• 安裝套件webthing-arduino
• 安裝套件ESPAsyncWebServer
• 安裝套件AsyncTCP
• 找出電腦的Arduino對應Libraries路徑
• Github下載套件

設備:
安信可NodeMCU-32S #露天拍賣 #蝦皮購物

我們先找出電腦的Arduino對應Libraries路徑，打開 Arduino>>檔案>>偏好設定，在草稿碼簿的位置代表著Libraries與程式碼都在那

舉例來說草稿碼簿的位置是C:\Users\chosemaker\Documents\Arduino\，Libraries的路徑就會在C:\Users\chosemaker\Documents\Arduino\libraries

webthing-arduino套件請到 https://github.com/WebThingsIO/webthing-arduino/archive/master.zip 下載後並解壓縮至C:\Users\chosemaker\Documents\Arduino\libraries

ESPAsyncWebServer套件請到 https://github.com/me-no-dev/ESPAsyncWebServer/archive/master.zip 下載後並解壓縮至C:\Users\chosemaker\Documents\Arduino\libraries

AsyncTCP套件請到 https://github.com/me-no-dev/AsyncTCP/archive/master.zip 下載後並解壓縮至C:\Users\chosemaker\Documents\Arduino\libraries

將以上套件上入資料夾後，請關閉你的Arduino，並重新打開Arduino即可開始include套件

這篇文章 [WebThings教學#3] WebThings Framework的Arduino Libraries套件安裝與環境設置 最早出現於 醬是創客。